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Ver en español →Explore fundamental stock analysis with practical guides to financial statements, cash flow, valuation, dividends and long-term investing strategies.
Four reads, in order, to go from your first steps to analyzing a company on your own.
What the income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement show, how they connect and in which order to read them, with a worked example and the warning signs to check.
Understand a balance sheet in plain English: assets, liabilities, equity, cash, debt, working capital and goodwill.
Learn the three cash-flow sections in plain English: operating, investing and financing cash flow, CapEx and free cash flow.
Plain-language definitions, formulas and limits for P/E, EPS, EBIT, operating margin, EBITDA, CapEx, FCF, working capital and net debt.
Learn the basic income-statement lines in plain English: revenue, gross profit, operating income, taxes, net income, EPS and P/E.
Fundamental analysis studies the business; technical analysis studies the chart. The difference, when each helps, and which fits long-term investors.
A practical guide to valuing a company with multiples, free cash flow yield, DCF and sum-of-the-parts analysis, without pretending valuation is precise.
What EV/EBITDA and Net Debt/EBITDA are, how to calculate them, and what ranges are reasonable. The two ratios the P/E cannot replace.
Compare ROE vs ROIC with clear formulas and a numeric example. Learn when leverage inflates ROE and why ROIC is the truer test of business quality.
What EBITDA is, how to calculate it, what it is genuinely useful for and when it misleads. An honest guide to finance's most quoted (and abused) metric.
What the P/E ratio is, how to calculate it, and how to read it well: the 6 situations where a low P/E is not cheap and a high P/E is not expensive.
Calculate owner earnings step by step, see how it differs from net income and free cash flow, and use it to assess a business with context.
What Return on Invested Capital is, how to calculate it, how it differs from P/E, and how to spot companies with real competitive advantages.
Learn to calculate and interpret Free Cash Flow (FCF) with rigor. Spot red flags, read 10-year trends, and avoid common mistakes.
A 30-day educational plan for beginner investors to organise finances, understand diversification and build a repeatable research habit.
Reading routes for investors at each stage: whether to pick stocks at all, how to read financial statements, how to value a company and how to think about risk.
A practical, educational guide to starting investing carefully: goals, emergency savings, diversification, costs, time horizon and independent research.
A plain-English investing glossary for beginners: index, ETF, diversification, volatility, compound interest, fees and time horizon.
How to screen stocks like a fundamental investor: define your universe, filter for quality, valuation and balance sheet, then research the survivors.
A worked Inditex stock analysis using revenue, margins, cash, valuation and the questions to test before forming an investment view.
Which documents the annual accounts of a Spanish listed company include, where to download them free from the CNMV, and what order to read them in.
A practical guide to building useful stock watchlists. How to organize them, what to track, and how to avoid the most common mistakes.
Learn how to compare two companies in the same industry using growth, margins, ROIC, free cash flow, debt, valuation and management quality.
A practical, no-fluff framework to read a 10-K annual report in 30 minutes. The exact sections, ratios and red flags to focus on before investing in a company.
How to do fundamental analysis of stocks step by step: read financial statements, calculate ratios like ROIC and FCF, and build a repeatable process.
What Dividend Aristocrats are, the exact index criteria in the US and Europe, their strengths and risks, and how to check the current list.
How to tell whether a dividend is sustainable: payout on earnings and on FCF, debt, and the warning signs that usually precede a dividend cut.
What dividend yield is, how to calculate it, and why a high yield can be a trap. A guide to investing in dividends with judgment, not just numbers.
When to buy a stock to receive its dividend: understand the ex-dividend, record and payment dates with a practical calendar example.
How much capital you really need to live off dividends, with the full math: taxes, inflation, compound interest and the typical mistakes.
Compare stock fundamental analysis tools by multi-year data, valuation ratios, watchlists and portfolio tracking before choosing research software in 2026.
An honest 2026 guide to using ChatGPT, Gemini and Claude for stock analysis: what works, where they hallucinate data, and the workflow that keeps AI honest.
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